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Radiant cooling has gained recent popularity in Europe and North America because it offers the potential to reduce cooling energy consumption and to reduce peak cooling loads when coupled with building thermal mass.

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Radiant cooling refers to any system where surrounding surface temperatures are lowered as means of removing sensible heat gain and thus contributing to thermal comfort.

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A hydronic radiant cooling system is an installation of embedded tubes or surface mounted panels that are designed to absorb and remove energy from a space, 50% to 80% of which is radiant energy. Just as in heating, a radiant cooling system uses the structure and surfaces of an area to transfer energy.

In radiant heating systems, the energy moves away from the heated surface towards the cooler area. In radiant cooling systems, the energy moves towards the cooled surface from the warmer area.

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No, one system can both heat and cool and in some climates in North America, the system may do both throughout the day as well as be design to transport heat from one side of the building or the other!

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Uponor PEX carries the following hydrostatic temperature and pressure ratings:

• 200°F at 80 psi
• 180°F at 100 psi
• 120°F at 130 psi (1/2" Wirsbo AQUAPEX tubing only)
• 73.4°F at 160 psi

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PEX (crosslinked polyethylene) tubing is a specially designed plastic tubing with distinctive properties that make it ideal for radiant floor heating and plumbing systems. Uponor produces PEX-a tubing, which is considered the superior type of PEX.

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Currently, three methods for producing crosslinked polyethylene (PEX) tubing exist:

• Engel or peroxide method (PEX-a)
• Silane method (PEX-b)
• E-beam (electron beam) or radiation method (PEX-c)

All three processes generate tubing that is crosslinked to varying degrees, and are acceptable for potable water distribution applications according to ASTM F876 and F877 standards.

Uponor manufactures Engel-method PEX-a tubing. The PEX tubing industry considers this tubing superior because the crosslinking is done during the manufacturing process when polyethylene is in it amorphic state (above the crystalline melting point). Because of this, the degree of crosslinking reaches around 85% (higher than the other methods), resulting in a more uniform product with no weak links in the molecular chain. Learn more about why PEX-a Tubing is better.

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Uponor PEX and associated fittings are manufactured to the following standards:

• ASTM F876 "Standard Specification for Cross-linked Polyethylene (PEX) Tubing"
• ASTM F877 "Standard Specification for Cross-linked Polyethylene (PEX) Plastic Hot and Cold Water Distribution Systems"
• ASTM F1960 "Standard Specifications for Cold Expansion Fittings with PEX Reinforcing Rings for use with Cross-linked Polyethylene (PEX) Tubing"
• ASTM F2080 "Standard Specifications for Cold Expansion Fittings with Metal Compression Sleeves for Cross-linked Polyethylene (PEX) Tubing"

Additional standards for Wirsbo AQUAPEX tubing and associated fittings include:

• ANSI/NSF Standard 14 "Plastics Piping System Components and Related Materials"
• ANSI/NSF Standard 61 "Drinking Water System Components — Health Effects"
• UL 1821 "Standard for Safety for Thermoplastic Sprinkler Pipe and Fittings for Fire Protection Service" (1/2" Wirsbo AQUAPEX only)

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Radiant cooling works best where wet bulb gain in the building can be controlled by the air handling system. Most often this is found in commercial building, however, in some climates where relative humidity is lower and in larger residences, where relative humidity can be controlled; radiant cooling is a additional strategy to lower cooling costs.

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Wirsbo AQUAPEX tubing has the following listings:

• IAPMO
• CSA
• HUD
• ICC
• NSF
• ITS
• UL

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Yes, a floor cooling system should primarily be used where the system also will be used for heating in winter.
Design a radiant heating/cooling system to maximize the cooling capacity.

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Wirsbo hePEX plus tubing has the following listings:

• ICBO
• NSF-rfh

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Wirsbo AQUAPEX tubing is approved in the following codes:

• IPC
• UPC
• NSPC

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Yes, there are very considerable LEED advantages with radiant cooling systems.  Including, but not limited to peak loads that are reduced as a result of thermal energy storage in the panel structure, exposed walls, and partitions. Radiant cooling systems operate at a higher supply chilled water temperature, and therefore ground and bay water could be utilized.

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• IMC
• UMC

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Specifications are found: Specifications

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The heat transfer between the floor surface and the tubes is influenced by floor construction in the exact same physical way by floor cooling as by floor heating. Therefore the calculation of the cooling capacity can be based on the same method How about, how does a radiant cooling system work? Just in general without going too in depth.

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Submittals are found: Submittals

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In recent years, ASTM F876 and ASTM F877 have been refined to incorporate benchmarks for chlorine resistance. Under certain conditions, a high concentration of chlorine can contribute to the oxidation of plastics. This, in turn, can affect service life. The upgraded ASTM standards provide an additional level of assurance that PEX tubing manufactured to these standards can withstand the potential oxidative effects of heavily chlorinated water.

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A floor cooling system must be controlled to avoid condensation. This may be done by a supply water temperature controlled by the dew point temperature.  It is possible to cool with a floor system, but the system should be used in conjunction with a supplemental system.

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Crosslinked polyethylene (PEX) and chlorinated polyvinyl chloride (CPVC) are both used for plumbing systems. The PEX manufacturing process chemically joins individual polyethylene molecules through an extrusion process to create a highly flexible tubing product. With CPVC, the manufacturing process starts with PVC resin and adds additional chlorine molecules, which creates a much more rigid tubing product.

While both products are listed to their own respective ASTM standards for use in plumbing systems, PEX provides superior features, installation characteristics and longevity. For example, PEX systems offer:

- Reliable and visual connections

- Flexibility resulting in tighter bend radius

- Quick and simple fitting connections

- Safe air testing

- Fewer fittings

 

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